Gelephu Mindfulness City Takes Shape in the World’s Happiest Country

The concept of an ideal city has long transfixed architects and urban planners. Over the centuries, many have attempted—and failed—to create a truly idyllic and thriving metropolis, where people live in balance with each other, their culture, and nature itself. Yet, in the verdant heart of Bhutan, bold plans are underway to transform this aspirational dream into a livable reality.

There, His Majesty King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck has unveiled his pioneering vision for a revolutionary new urban hub, where the physical meets the spiritual, tradition meets innovation, and prosperity and mindfulness coexist in harmony with nature.

Though still in the early stages of development, Gelephu “Mindfulness City” (otherwise known as GMC) is taking shape in southern Bhutan near the Indo-Bhutan border, connecting South Asia with Southeast Asia. Helmed by Copenhagen-based architecture firm Bjarke Ingels Group (aka BIG), in collaboration with Arup and Cistri, the development will cover over 1,000 km²—an area larger than Singapore.

“GMC aims to spark global discussions on reimagining urban living… it redefines what a 21st-century city can be, offering a new paradigm for sustainable urban living rooted in Bhutanese values,” says Giulia Frittoli, BIG Partner. “Cities should transcend functionality to nurture human connection, creativity, and compassion. The true ‘soul’ of a city lies in its unique culture and heritage, balancing modernization with cultural preservation.”

Design visuals paint an idyllic picture. Contemporary buildings, infused with traditional Bhutanese character, blend seamlessly with sun-dappled rivers and swathes of lush forestry. Contented citizens gather in expansive communal spaces that frame the spectacular natural surroundings, from cutting-edge complexes and leafy meditation spaces to an open-air market shaded by fluttering local textiles.

“GMC will not only shape the future of Bhutan, but it will also serve as a blueprint for mindful urban living worldwide, continuing the principles Bhutan has upheld for over 400 years and influencing the direction of the entire nation,” adds Frittoli. “With its unparalleled commitment to well-being and economic opportunity, GMC represents the ideal modern city—one that is both forward-thinking and rooted in timeless Bhutanese values.”

A new way of living

As revealed by the Druk Gyalpo, or Dragon King, GMC’s masterplan is rooted in Bhutan’s famed Gross National Happiness (GNH) philosophy, which includes principles such as psychological well-being and cultural diversity. Within the new city, this philosophy translates into three fundamental pillars that form the essence of the development: self, nature, and community.